Acetone is a representative compound of aliphatic ketones and has a typical reaction of ketones. For example: adducts that form colorless crystals with sodium bisulfite. Reacts with hydrogen cyanide to produce acetone cyanohydrin. Under the action of reducing agent, isopropanol and pinacolone are formed. Acetone is relatively stable to oxidants. It will not be oxidized by nitric acid at room temperature. When an acidic potassium permanganate strong oxidant is used as an oxidant, acetic acid, carbon dioxide and water are generated. In the presence of alkali, bimolecular condensation occurs, generating diacetone alcohol.
2mol acetone generates isopropylidene acetone in the presence of various acidic catalysts (hydrochloric acid, zinc chloride or sulfuric acid), and then adds 1mol acetone to produce phorone (diisopropylidene acetone). Under the action of concentrated sulfuric acid, 3mol acetone removes 3mol water to produce 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene. In lime. In the presence of sodium alkoxide or sodium amide, condensation produces isophorone (3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexene-1-one)
In the presence of acid or base, condensation reaction occurs with aldehyde or ketone to form ketone alcohol, unsaturated ketone and resinous substance. With phenol under acidic conditions, condensed into bisphenol-A. The α-hydrogen atom of acetone is easily replaced by halogen to produce α-halogenated acetone. It reacts with sodium hypohalite or halogen alkali solution to generate halogen imitation. Acetone reacts with Grignard reagent, and the addition product is hydrolyzed to obtain tertiary alcohol. Acetone can also undergo condensation reactions with ammonia and its derivatives such as hydroxylamine, hydrazine, and phenylhydrazine. In addition, acetone cracks at 500~1000℃ to produce ketene. Isobutylene and acetaldehyde are generated through silicon-aluminum catalyst at 170~260℃; isobutene and acetic acid are generated at 300~350℃. It cannot be oxidized by silver ammonia solution, fresh copper hydroxide and other weak oxidants, but it can catalyze hydrogenation to produce alcohol.
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